Forsythia, a member of the oleaceae or olive plant family, is a versatile and easy to grow flowering garden plant which can be grown as a shrub or small tree. Its bright yellow flames light up the March garden on even the dullest day, outshining any rival. Forsythias are deciduous shrubs, mostly with green leaves, and range in size from 2 1/2 to 10 feet. They grow happily in any garden soil, either in full sun or part shade, and with regular pruning will produce a spectacular display of golden flower in March and April to mark the end of winter.
Origins of Forsythia
Most Forsythia species originated in China, Japan or Korea, although Europe and Canada each have one native species. They were first introduced to England from China in the 1830s.
Forsythia Species and Varieties
There are eleven different species of Forsythia, and also a number of cultivated hybrids. Most of the Forsythias offered by nurseries and garden centres are cultivated hybrids, including;
- Forsythia x intermedia. This is probably the most popular cultivated form, from which several different hybrids have been developed, ranging in height from 8-10 feet. Forsythia x intermedia variegata has yellow edged leaves.
- Forsythia suspensa. Another popular form, notable for its arching or pendant branches.
- Forsythia ovata Tetragold. A small growing variety reaching 2-3 feet after 5 years.
Growing Forsythia
Forsythias are tough and hardy plants which will grow in most soils and any aspect except deep shade. However for the best results plant Forsythias in good soil enriched with compost and bonemeal, and in full sun or part shade.
Forsythia suspensa can be grown against a wall, including even a north wall, but will need tying in for support. Forsythia can also be planted as a hedge. Forsythia x intermedia Lynwood planted at 2 foot spacing makes a particularly attractive spring flowering hedge.
Top dress in autumn with a high potash feed to promote abundant flower.
Forsythias are generally resistant to pests and diseases, but watch out for birds feeding on the flower buds in late winter.
Pruning Forsythia
Regular pruning is essential to ensure fresh growth and strong flowering, as flower appears on the stems of last season's growth, usually before the leaves emerge.
Cut back spent flowering shoots to within 3 or 4 buds of old wood immediately after flowering to promote new flowering shoots, and tip vigorous shoots to promote branching.
Fuchsias will accept heavy pruning and it's good practice to cut out some old wood on established plants every few seasons. Straggly plants can be cut right back to ground level.
Other Attractive Flowering Shrubs
The Buddleia or Butterfly Bush is another popular flowering shrub.
Shrubs for different seasons.
Tony Allen - In 2004 I began my "fourth career" as a freelance writer. In my first career, after training at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst, I ...
